1.Introduction

In the extreme environment of outer space, mechanical components require reliability and durability of an entirely different magnitude compared to those used on Earth. Among them, the "mechanical shutter," which instantaneously controls light, plays a particularly crucial role as a component in the precision instruments mounted on satellites.

At Takano, we have developed space-grade laser shutters by applying actuator technology that has been cultivated over many years. In this column, we will introduce the characteristics of shutters that meet the performance demands of outer space.

2.High-reliability optical control technology required in space

In recent years, the utilization of "optical communication technology" in data transmission between satellites has been rapidly growing. Optical inter-satellite communication is characterized by significantly faster communication speeds and larger capacity compared to traditional radio wave communication. Furthermore, since light has high directionality, it experiences minimal radio interference and offers excellent confidentiality. Recently, efforts have been underway to construct next-generation space communication networks that cover the entire globe by connecting low-orbit satellites using optical communication.

On the other hand, optical communication requires highly precise mechanical control, making extremely accurate mechanical components indispensable for its implementation.

Among these components, shutters play a particularly important role.

3.Features of space-grade laser shutters

Takano develops and sells highly reliable mechanical shutters for laser blocking that can be used in outer space. These shutters ensure stable operation even in harsh space environments, due to the following features.

• By adopting oil-less bearings, the generation of outgas is prevented.
  In outer space, outgas from bearings can negatively affect optical systems (such as cameras and lenses), making oil-free bearing technology essential.
• Design capable of operation at ambient temperatures as low as -40℃
  Space equipment must withstand low-temperature environments and requires reliable operation assurance under such conditions.
• Lightweight design reduces launch transportation costs.
  The lightweight and compact design contributes to the reduction of satellite launch weight.
• The rotary shutter mechanism ensures stable operation.
  The rotary mechanism is designed to minimize friction and wear, enabling long-term stable operation and high reliability in outer space environment where maintenance is difficult.

If you would like to learn more about the rotary-type laser shutter, please refer to this column. It explains the light-blocking mechanism and the drive circuit.

For those who want to know more about the differences between "rotary shutters" and "slide shutters," please refer to this column.

4.Conclusion

Laser shutters supporting optical communication in space are crucial components designed to protect optical systems and maintain communication quality by repeatedly performing rapid and precise opening and closing. Takano's technology has been developed to meet these stringent requirements and will contribute to the further advancement of future optical communication systems. Custom designs are available, so feel free to contact us.

5.Contact & information

Takano's space-grade laser shutter offers:

• Outgas-compatible oil-free bearings
• Guaranteed operation in low temperatures of -40°C
• Lightweight and compact design
• Maintenance-free for extended periods

For those considering custom specifications for space applications or designs, please check the details on the link below or feel free to contact us.